Gas-generating oil burner



( July 2-1, 1925. 1,546,938

S. B. MORSS GAS GENERATING on. Bunnan Filed Dec. 30. 1922 .1 flare/aw? J 17402113 Patented July 21, 1925.

UNITED STATES STEPHEN B. MORSS, OF RAHWAY, NEW JERSEY.

eas-snnnaarme OIL BURNER.

Application filed December 30, 1922. Serial No. 609,812.

1 '0 all whom it may concern Be it known that I. STEPHEN B. Mouse,

a citizen of the United States, and residentl of Rahway, in the county of Union and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvementsin Gas-Gen crating Oil Burners, of which the followmg is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements 1n burners for lamps and oil stoves, and particularly of the class having means for producing a central draft of air for the flame in conjunction With a perforated thimble or air spreader to direct air in respect to the flame from a circular wick.

One of the objects of my invention is to cause the generation of gas at the inner portion of the wick when exposed from between wick tubes, and to cause a mixture ofsuch gas with air to commingle with the ordinary flame from the outer portion of the wick. A further object of my invention is to so arrange the parts that there will be an unob structed opening from the nner exposed portion of the wick into a perforated gas1fying chamber for the free entrance into said chamber of gases or oil vapor generated at said portion of the wick within the said chamber free of any obstruction between the said exposed portion of the wick and said chamber, and whereby a1 r from the central draft of the lamp may flow through such chamber to cause said gases to eommingle' with the oil flame from the exterior of the wick to spread and steady the burning flame.

Further objects of my invention are to so construct the thimble or air spreader as to cause air from. the central tube of the lamp -or stove to enter the gasifying chamber to mix withgas therein and to force the flame produced by such mixture outwardly to the oil flame; to direct air to the combined gas and oil flame in such a way as to cause the flame to be steadied and to cool the burner to prevent creeping of the flame; to provide simplified means to limit the movement of the thimble or spreader with the wick in an upward direction and pernnt the ready removal and application of thetlnmble from and to the wick tubes, and generally to improve the construction of the class of oil burners specified to produce an even and steady flame that shall be appreciably gaseous in character, smokeless and odorless, and free from danger of explosion.

My invention comprises novel detalls of improvement that will be more fully hereinafter set forth and then pointed out in the claims;

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawingsforming a part hereof, wherein Fig. 1 is a plan view of a lamp or oilstove burner embodying my invention;

Fig. 2 is a section substantially on line 2, 2, in Fig. 1;

Fig.3 is a section substantially on the line 3, S, in Fig. 2, and

' Fig. 4 is an enlarged detail section.

Similar numerals of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several views.

The numerals 1, 2 indicate inner and outer wick tubes, which may be generally of the ordinary construction used in well known types of central draft lamps and oil stoves, and at 3 is a wick between said tubes which may be operated in any ordinary way. r perforated thimble or air spreader is indicated at 4: and is shown provided with a flange or ring 5 to rest upon the wick and to seat against the upper ends of the wick tubes, whereby the thimble may be raised and lowered with the wick and when the flame is extinguished by the turning down of the wick into the wick tubes said flange or ring may rest upon said wick tubes to prevent the escape of gases, in a well known way. The thimble or air spreader is provided with a gasifying and mixing chamber at 6 which is located adjacent to the upper inner edge of the wick within and above the plane of flange 5 and whereby said wick is in unobstructed communication with the chamber through the lower open space 6 when the thimble is in use. Said chamber is shown located between a perforated wall 7 of the lower portion of the thimble or spreader and a wall 8 extending from the thimble or spreader and from which the flange orring 5 extends, which wall 8 is provided with openings at S above the flange 'or ring, whereby air that enters the chamber 6 from the central draft tube 1 through perforations '7 in wall 7 may flow through chamber 6 and find outlet through openings 8 In the example illustrated, the wall 8 extends inwardly at 8 over chamber 6 above the openings 8 and is secured to the thimble or spreader in such a way as to cause air within chamber 6 to be directed outwardly, the perforations 7 in the inner wall of said chamber extending sufiiciently high to supply a current of air to the upper lit) portion of said chamber to cool the chamber to prevent undue heating and the creeping of the flame, and said perforations 7 at the lower portion of said wall supplying air to said chamber to be mixed with gases generated at the upper inner exposed portion of the wick and to force such mixture through openings 8 to the burning flame. The thimble or spreader is shown compris ing an upper perforated portion 4: and a lower tubular portion 4 having the perforations 7 and a depending tubular portion 1 that fits closely to and is guided for movement within the inner wick tube 1. I do not depend upon a flow of air between tube 1 and the tubular portion 4 of the thimble to supply air to chamber 6. The thimble or spreader 1 is provided with a contracted portion forming an inwardly extending airdeflecting wall or rim at 4, just above the perforations 7 serving to permit air to flow upwardly into the upper perforated portion 4 and to deflect air from the central draft tube 1 through the upper perforations '7 into the gasifying chamber 6. I have shown the lower edge of the upper portion 4 of the thimble or spreader as extending inwardly at P and bent reversely at a to form a seat at 1 in which the inner edge of the wall portion 8 and the upper edge of the portion t" of the thimble are located and may be secured by compressing the/parts 1- and 45 against the parts S and 4 to secure all of said parts permanently together. Above the gasifying chamber 6 the wall of the thimble or air spreader is shown corrugated or stepped in an annular manner in such a way as to provide angularly disposed portions provided with perforations 41-, some of which perforations direct air from within the spreader downv-rardly and outwardly toward. the flame and others upwardly and outwardly respecting the. flame, serv ing thereby to break up a direct delivery of air from the thimble or spreader to the flame whereby to cause steadiness of the flame with improved combustion.

Since the thin'ible or air spreader will rise or descend with the wick by reason of the flange or ring a resting thereon, I provide simple and effective means to limit the rise of the thimble or spreader and to permit the ready application of the same to the wick tubes and removal therefrom. For such purpose I provide a rod 9 shown threaded at its lower end to screw into a spider 10 secured within wick tube 1, the upper end of said rod being provided with an elongated relatively narrow head 10 adapted to pass through a correspondingly shaped slot 11 in the top of the thimble or spreader. When the thimble is to be applied it will be passed along the rod 9 into position in the wick tube 1 so that the head 10 will pass through the slot 11 and then the thimble or spreader will be given a partial rotation to carry the slot 11 out of register with the head 10 so that the latter will extend over the material of the thimble to limit its outward movement to the extent desired for exposing of the wick above the wick tube. The rod 9 may be adjusted up or down to regulate the height of exposure of the wick above the tube. To remove the thimble or spreader it is merely necessary to rotate it until the slot 11 comes in register with the head 1O whereupon the thimble may be lifted from the burner.

When the burner is to be used the wick is raised as much as desired and lighted at its portion exposed above the outer tube. The heat from the flame will cause genera tion of gases or oil vapor at the inner portion of the tube above wick 3, and such gases will enter the gasifying chamber 6 with freedom and unobstructedly by reason of the free and unobstructed communication of said chamber at 6 with said portion of the wick. Air from the central draft of the lamp flowing into chamber 6 through the lower perforations 7 will produce a mixture with said gases which mixture will be caused to flow outwardly through the openings 8 and will burn in the form of a gas flame outside of the wall 8 above flange 5, as indicated at 12 in Fig. 2, and such flame will mingle with the oil flame 13 burning at the exterior of the upper end of the wick, and air from the upper perforations 7 will flow into chamber 6 over the mixture therein and from the upper portions of the openings 8 in such a way as to force the burning mixture to the oil flame, tending also to spread the flame at its base away from tl e side walls of the air spreader to prevent the flame from curling over the top of the spreader and to cool the chamber. It will be observed that no perforations of the spreader can come in contact with the wick, and that there is no wall of the gas generating chamber 6 at the wick, so that the opening 6 of said chamber at the inner surface of the wick will always remain free and unobstructed whereby the free entrance of gas or vapor from the wick into the chamber may continue at all times, as distinguished from constructions heretofore made, so far as I am aware, where the thimble or spreader was provided with a perforated wall adjacent to the wick between the wick and a chamber, which Wall was liable to become clogged with carbonized material or incrus tations thus closing or reducing the space through which gases from the wick could flow to the flame, thereby tending to reduce or prevent the flow of gases lo such flame. Where a diminished supply of fuel to a mixing chamber, or of air to such chamber, or vapor to the flame occurs, improper combustion will result and smoke and odor are liable to occur, which objections are obviated in acordance with my invention, the gases or vapor generated from the inner top portion of the wick being practically generated within the lower edge portion of the gas generating chamber without obstruction to their flow into such chamber. By reason of my improved construction there will be a perfect combustion of the flame at all times and under all conditions, and furthermore the burning gas flame that commingles with the oil flame has the effect of producing more perfect combustion of the latter flame and reduction of smoke and odor. The air delivered to the generating and mixing chamber 6 from Within the lower extended portion of the air spreader, is checked in its flow to the flame through the chamber by the perforations 7 in the wall 7, which perforations also prevent a too rapid flow of the burning mixture from the gasifying and mixing chamber 6 to the burning flame pro ducing a steadiness of the flame.

While my improvements may be used to advantage in central draft lamps for illuminating purposes they are particularly advantageous in central draft oil stoves used for heating purposes, and the terms lamp and stove are used by me herein interchangeably.

Having now described my invention, what 1 claim is:

l. A gas generating oil burner for central draft lamps and stoveshaving an outwardly and downwardly extending perforated wall provided with a laterally extending flange to rest upon a Wick and provided with a gasifying chamber located within said wall and above the plane of said flange, said chamber having a lower portion in free and unobstructed communication with the upper inner portion of a wick, said chamber having a wall provided with perforations and within and spaced from the first named wall, said burner having an inwardly extending air deflecting wall above the first named wall to direct air from within the burner through certain of said perforations into said chamber.

2. A gas generating oil burner for central draft lamps and stoves having a depending portion to fit in sliding relation within a wick tube and having an inwardly and upwardly extending perforated wall portion adjacent to said depending portion, a perforated wall extending from the burner beyond and in front of said perforated portion in depending relation thereto above a wick and provided with, a laterally disposed flange adapted to rest upon the wick, the lower portion of said last named perforated wall and said flange being wholly disconnected from the depending portion and the first named wall providing a gasifying chamber therebetween having its lower portion entirely free from the burner and in unobstructed connnunication with the wick.

3. A gas generating oil burner for central draft lamps and stoves having upper and lower perforated portions, one of said portions having a recessed part, an adjacent part of the other portion being located in said recessed part, and a wall received in said recessed part, said recessed part being in clamping relation to said other part and to said wall to secure them together, said wall being provided with a laterally disposed flange to rest upon a wick and having perforations above said flange.

4-. A gas generating oil burner for central draft lamps and stoves having a perforated wall spaced therefrom, and a flange extending from the lower portion of said wall to rest upon a wick, said burner having perforations opposing said perforated wall, the upper portion of said burner above said perforated wall having corrugations provided with perforations opening in differ ent directions.

STEPHEN B. MORSS. 

